Model+UN

The United Nations

resources: [] [] [] []

History:
 * Name introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt
 * First designed international organizations to cooperate on specific matters after WW2
 * was part of peace treaty after world war
 * specialized agencies (int. telecommunication and Universal Postal Union)
 * International Telecommunication Union and Universal Postal Union are now apart of UN.
 * 50 different countries signed charter on June 26, 1945
 * Official UN came into existence on Oct., 24, 1945, when charter became ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the UK, and US.

Structure:


 * Six parts of the UN:
 * General Assembly- everyone can discuss and decide on conflicts of international peace and security. Has to meet on regular basis, needs 2/3 of majority to pass a vote . (192 member states)
 * Security Council- only 10 members, 5 permanent members, General Assembly appoints six. Must keep peace and security on international level. 1 vote per person, need seven out of eleven to pass a vote, but all permanent members must agree.
 * Economic and Social Council- Needed to improve economic . social conditions of member states (54), deals with human rights and to have a better understanding of cultures.1 vote per person.
 * International Court of Justice- Judicial body of UN, has 15 members of UN must abide by ICT
 * Secretariat- Body that runs UN, members are appointed by General Assembly
 * model UN:
 * research on particular country

Objectives:


 * To avoid war and conflicts between nations
 * Improve relations between nations
 * Eliminate poverty
 * Eliminate disease and illiteracy
 * Stop enviromental destruction
 * Help nations achieve aims
 * promote human rights
 * providing access to clean water
 * gender equality

assigned country: ISRAEL!!!

Notes on Israel: []

From the CIA Factbook: []
 * Where is your country located? What are some of the countries that surround it? || Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Lebanon
 * Where is your country located? What are some of the countries that surround it? || Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Lebanon

what it means: Its very tiny around very large nations...these nations might try to conquer it. Israel has no way to protect itself because all the nations obviously have more people to fight for the other nations. ||  ||
 * What are your country’s major industries? || high-technology products (including aviation, communications, computer-aided design and manufactures, medical electronics, fiber optics), wood and paper products, potash and phosphates, food, beverages, and tobacco, caustic soda, cement, construction, metals products, chemical products, plastics, diamond cutting, textiles, footwear.

Israel has a technologically advanced market economy. It depends on imports of crude oil, grains, raw materials, and military equipment. Despite limited natural resources, Israel has intensively developed its agricultural and industrial sectors over the past 20 years. Cut diamonds, high-technology equipment, and agricultural products (fruits and vegetables) are the leading exports.

what it means: The leading imports are important for people to survive, other nations wouldnt need these things just for luxury...Israel imports food and beverages that might not be available inother parts of the world so it can get a lot of money to help fund issues like HIV/AIDS. ||  ||
 * How many languages are spoken in your country and what are they? || Hebrew (official), Arabic used officially for Arab minority, English most commonly used foreign language

what it means: Having one major official language might help to keep the nation united and its more likely that everyone will understand each other. also this is easier to have one major language to write and teach. This makes it easier to get treatment and medicine for HIV/AIDS. ||  ||
 * What is the form of government? || parliamentary democracy

mixture of English common law, British Mandate regulations, and in personal matters Jewish, Christian, and Muslim legal systems; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

what it means: This leaves more openess for people trying to step in and help. There are more voices and opinions in the government so there are more ideas to improve the nation in various ways. ||  || 1976-2004, Israel was the largest annual recipient of U.S. foreign assistance, having since been supplanted by Iraq. Since 1985, the United States has provided nearly $3 billion in grants annually to Israel. Almost all U.S. bilateral aid to Israel is in the form of military assistance. In the past, Israel also had received significant economic assistance
 * Does our country give or receive foreign aid? If yes how much? || Israel is the largest cumulative recipient of U.S. foreign assistance since World War II. From

what it means: so Israel had people fighting with it in case other bigger nations try and take over it. They have a lot of issues that the government cant cover if their recieving so much money from other nations. ||  ||
 * What is your country’s per capita GDP? || $28,600

what it means: this could be good or bad compared to how much other countries make... ||  || total population: 97.1%  male: 98.5%  female: 95.9% (2004 est.) what it means: many people are educated...posters could help people learn about HIV/AIDS or other issues...maybe not as many teachers are needed but technology or something to spread information is needed. ||  ||
 * What percentage is literate? || definition: age 15 and over can read and write
 * How many people have access to clan water? || Israel controls 80 percent of the Palestinian water supply, so too do we find 26 percent of Palestinians with no access to clean water while the average Israeli consumes three-and-a-half times as much water as those Palestinians fortunate to have access

what it means: there is a major water source near israel so many people do have access to clean water. plus the nation is so small, only a couple of waterr sources will be needed if any. ||  || Cancer has replaced heart disease as the leading cause of death for both Israeli men and women, according to a new Health Ministry report. The report, for 1998-2004, noted that the number of cancer cases did not increase. However, new treatments and technologies reduced heart disease, making it only the second most frequent cause of death. The report also noted a sharp rise in mortality from kidney disease, making it the fifth most frequent cause of death in Israel
 * What are the major infectious diseases? || HIV/AIDS

what it means: There's a widespread in diseases from HIV to kidney disease...more medicine is needed or new treatments. ||  ||
 * What are the current environmental risks facing your country? || limited arable land and natural fresh water resources pose serious constraints; desertification; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; groundwater pollution from industrial and domestic waste, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides

what it means: there are common environmental issues but they do have sollutions that could fix these problems over time. ||  ||
 * Other Important details? ||

=Geography= Israel, slightly larger than Massachusetts, lies at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Egypt on the west, Syria and Jordan on the east, and Lebanon on the north. Its maritime plain is extremely fertile. The southern Negev region, which comprises almost half the total area, is largely a desert. The Jordan, the only important river, flows from the north through Lake Hule (Waters of Merom) and Lake Kinneret (also called Sea of Galilee or Sea of Tiberias), finally entering the Dead Sea 1,349 ft (411 m) below sea level—the world's lowest land elevation.

=Government= Parliamentary democracy. =History= Palestine, considered a holy land by Jews, Muslims, and Christians, and homeland of the modern state of Israel, was known as Canaan to the ancient Hebrews. Palestine's name derives from the Philistines, a people who occupied the southern coastal part of the country in the 12th century B.C. A Hebrew kingdom established in 1000 B.C. was later split into the kingdoms of Judah and Israel; they were subsequently invaded by Assyrians, Babylonians, Egyptians, Persians, Romans, and Alexander the Great of Macedonia. By A.D. 135, few Jews were left in Palestine; most lived in the scattered and tenacious communities of the Diaspora, communities formed outside Palestine after the Babylonian exile. Palestine became a center of Christian pilgrimage after the emperor Constantine converted to that faith. The Arabs took Palestine from the Byzantine empire in 634–640. Interrupted only by Christian Crusaders, Muslims ruled Palestine until the 20th century. During World War I, British forces defeated the Turks in Palestine and governed the area under a League of Nations mandate from 1923. **Capital and largest city (2003 est.):** Jerusalem, 695,500 Note: Israel proclaimed Jerusalem as its capital in 1950, but the U.S., like nearly all other countries, maintains its embassy in Tel Aviv.
 * President:** Shimon Peres (2007)
 * Prime Minister:** Benjamin Netanyahu (2009)
 * Land area:** 7,849 sq mi (20,329 sq km); **total area:** 8,019 sq mi (20,770 sq km)
 * Population (2010 est.):** 7,353,985 (growth rate: 1.6%); birth rate: 19.5/1000; infant mortality rate: 4.1/1000; life expectancy: 80.8; density per sq km: 319
 * Other large cities:** Tel Aviv, 365,300; Haifa, 280,200
 * Monetary unit:** Shekel

HIV/AIDs in Israel:
[]

In 2009, according to the Israeli Ministry of Health, nearly 400 Israeli residents were diagnosed with HIV out of approximately 2.7 million new cases around the world. Though a relatively small number compared to the global rate of infection, it is a higher figure than the Israeli annual average of new cases from 2004 to the end of 2007, which was 350. Every day around the world, at least 7,400 people are diagnosed with HIV, and one of them is Israeli. The rate of HIV/AIDS in Israel is 52.8 cases per million residents.

Israel's first documented case of HIV/AIDS was in 1981 and from then until 2008, a total of 5,751 new cases were diagnosed. Based on World Health Organization guidelines, the health ministry estimates that there were 6,374 people living in Israel with HIV/AIDS as of December 2009.

An Israeli HIV/AIDS registry has been in operation since the onset of the epidemic. HIV testing is systematic among blood donors, prisoners at entry, certain groups of immigrants from high-prevalence countries and among intravenous drug users before initiating detoxification programs. Testing, which is confidential and free to anyone requesting it, is available at Israeli health fund clinics and in AIDS centers at hospitals.

US and Israel relation: [] extra questions to giude my research: -HIV/AIDS is killing a bunch of people. also, people who are HIV positive are being descriminated in other countries all over the world especially in Europe which is near israel. maybe israelites who are HIV positive wont get the help they need from other countries that are bigger and more developed in the area of medicine. -An Israeli HIV/AIDS registry has been in operation since the onset of the epidemic. HIV testing is systematic among blood donors, prisoners at entry, certain groups of immigrants from high-prevalence countries and among intravenous drug users before initiating detoxification programs. Testing, which is confidential and free to anyone requesting it, is available at Israeli health fund clinics and in AIDS centers at hospitals. -Some people think that there should be more efforts in reducing how many people get cancer, which is the cause of most deaths in Israel, than HIV/AIDS. - -the money should be used to improve other conditions or to solve more important issues like clean water or enough food for the nation and other medicines. -Israel is a small country...so bigger, more developed countries that are donating money or services to help Israel have strong influence on israel's position on different issues. Because money and services are crucial in Israel, the countries that are giving them to Israel have a say in some issues.
 * What is the problem? How does it affect your country?
 * What has your country done to combat the problem?
 * What are the various “sides” in the debate?
 * Which aspects of the issue are most important to your country?
 * If your country is not involved with the issue, how can it become involved?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">How will your country shape the debate at the conference?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">What arguments will other countries make?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">How do the positions of other countries affect your country’s position?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Is there evidence or statistics that might help to back up your country’s position?

<span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">media type="custom" key="8187410"

<span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">media type="custom" key="8187496"

media type="custom" key="8226112"

<span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; line-height: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">[]

<span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; line-height: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">[]

<span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; line-height: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">media type="custom" key="8306962" <span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; line-height: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">international actions
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; line-height: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Israelis believe male circumcision is a significant protective measure taken against HIV/AIDS
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; line-height: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Israel launched a project last year that dispatched Israeli surgeons to teach circumcision in Africa.
 * A link between circumcision and AIDS prevention was shown in three studies conducted between 2004 and 2006 in South Africa, Uganda and Kenya, which found that the risk of contracting AIDS in heterosexual sex is 50 percent to 60 percent less among men who are circumcised.
 * With the support of the Hadassah Medical Organization, which runs Israel's main university hospital in Jerusalem and has provided most of the budget and equipment, the Jerusalem AIDS Project sent three delegations of surgeons to teach adult circumcision in Swaziland. The southern African nation has the highest prevalence of AIDS in the world — 26 percent in a population of about 1 million.

<span style="background-color: transparent; background-position: 0px 5px; color: #000000; line-height: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin: 1.6em 0px 1.6em 14px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">