Industrialism+and+Imperialism

=Nationalism= As revolutions swept through the Atlantic in the late 18th and early 19th centuries people came to identify themselves as part of a community called a nation.

1. Complete the who, what, when, where, why analysis of the Treaty of Westphalia


 * Treaty of Westphalia (pg.373)**
 * Who?- France's Cardinal Jules Mazarin and his great protégé Jean-Baptiste Colbert
 * What?- ended the rebellion between Spain and the Protestants...Treaty of W. =sovereignty
 * right to control what happens w/in borders and defined borders
 * When?- 1648
 * Where?- Germany
 * Why?- needed to end the Thirty Years War

2. Define nationalism in your own words: Nationalism- a sense in which people feel loyal to their nation/country and have pride for their nation. Take notes on the following. Make sure you connect the events back to nationalism.
 * Unification of Italy
 * political and social movement that agglomerated different states of the italian peninsula into the single state of italy in the 19th century.
 * the process began in 1815 with the Congress of Vienna and the end of Napoleonic rule, and ended sometime around 1871 with the Franco-Prussian war
 * Giuseppe Garibaldi- Italian nationalist revolutionary hero and leader in the struggle for Italian unification and independence.
 * In 1860 he conquered Sicily and set up a provisional government.
 * conquered Naples, which he then delivered to Victor Emmanuel in 1861 and returned to his home on Caprera.
 * annexation of Umbria and Marches from the papal government
 * 1861 with Victor Emmanuel as its king, Italy was united
 * The Italian kingdom was missing Rome, which was still a papal possession, and Venice, which was controlled by the Austrians.
 * Later they gained Venice in 1866 in which Prussia; Venice was its rewarded Italy for siding with them.
 * Then, in 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War, Napoleon III withdrew his troops from Rome.
 * With the city of Rome and the remaining Papal States left unprotected, Italian troops moved into Rome without opposition.
 * Rome voted for union with Italy in October 1870 and, in July 1871, Rome became the capital of a united Italy.
 * Unification of Germany
 * German confederation- 39 states led by Prussia and Austria
 * The Hohenzollern Kings of Prussia decided to go about changing this situation in their own favor.
 * Their objective was to unify Germany under their own rule and to completely exclude Austria.
 * William I, King of Prussia chose a minister who could put his program into effect.
 * Otto von Bismark- allied with Austria in 1864 and stripped both Schleswig and Holstein from the Danes.
 * Prussia and Austria occupied the duchies.
 * He proceeded to isolate his next target, Austria.
 * He promised Napoleon III of France that he would receive territorial compensation if France stayed out of a war between Austria and Prussia.
 * He promised Italy the province of Venice. Austria opposed this move.
 * In 1866 Prussia moved troops into Holstein and Austria declared war along with some other German states.
 * Prussia destroyed the Austrian army at the battle of Sadowa.
 * Germany was four small German states in southern Germany and the disapprobation of Napoleon III of France.
 * To provoke a war with France, Bismark put forth the candidacy of a Hohenzollern for the throne of Spain.
 * France was forced to give up Alsace and Lorraine
 * The remainder of the German states, excluding Austria, were annexed to Germany which now became an empire under William I and ruled largely by the Iron Chancellor.
 * Austria was the main loser in the unification of both Germany and Italy.
 * Zionism
 * The national movement of Jewish return to their homeland and their surrender of Israel
 * Brazilian Independence
 * by the 18th cent. brazil had grown its popuation and in economic importance
 * planters, merchants, and miners wanted more open trade and fewer taxes...but feared Haitian-style slave uprising
 * incipient movements in Minas Gerais (1788) and Bahia (1798) were unsuccessful
 * Rio de Janeiro became the capital of Portuguese Empire when the royal portuguses family fled there as their homes were under attack by the French (1807)
 * ports of Brazil were opened to world commerce
 * transfer of court brought royal govt. closer and reinforced the colonial relationship
 * Rio became imperial city: public libraries, botanical gardens, and printing presses
 * after Dom Joao IV went back to Portugal, his son Pedro called Brazilian independance in 1822
 * brazil became monarchy under a member of the port. ruling house
 * Monroe Doctrine
 * The Monroe Doctrine is a policy of the US introduced on December 2, 1823.
 * It stated that further efforts by European countries to colonize land or interfere with states in the Americas would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring U.S. intervention.
 * The doctrine was postulated by President Monroe when he was very enraged at the actions being executed around him
 * The Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Western Hempisphere was not to be further colonized by European countries but that the United States would neither interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries.
 * The Doctrine was issued at a time when many Latin America countries were on the verge of becoming independent from the Spanish Empire.
 * The United States, reflecting concerns raised by Great Britain, ultimately hoped to avoid having any European power take over Spain's colonies
 * Argentine Republic
 * second largest country in south america, after brazil.
 * It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the 8th-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among spanish speaking nations, though Mexico, Colombia and spain are more populous.Argentina's continental area is between the andes mountains range in the west and the atlantic ocean in the east.
 * It borders Paraguay and Bolivia to the north, Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast, and Chile to the west and south.
 * Argentine claims over Antarctica as well as overlapping claims made by Chile and the UK are suspended by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961.
 * Argentina also claims the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the south sandwich islands, which are administered by the UK as British Overseas Territories
 * Balkan Nationalism
 * turkish power declined,Balkan nationalism grew
 * threatened Austria
 * (1912 and 1913) Balkans got into 2 internal wars...led to territorial gains for some states but satisfied no one

3. Summarize the global impact of nationalism (limit to 200 words/ 1/2 page)

**Industrialization**
4. Look at the data below and answer the questions that follow

//Index Numbers of World Trade (Volume of trade in selected years compared to 1913)// // Iron Production (1000's Metric Tons) // //Years of Life Expectancy at Birth//
 * Year || Index Number ||
 * 1850 || 10 ||
 * 1870 || 24 ||
 * 1895 || 48 ||
 * 1901 || 67 ||
 * 1911 || 96 ||
 * 1913 || 100 ||
 * || 1830 || 1850 || 1913 ||
 * Britain || 700 || 2,716 || 9,792 ||
 * France || 244 || 1,262 || 4,626 ||
 * Russia || 167 || 231 || 3,870 ||
 * Germany || 111 || 246 || 14,836 ||
 * Country || Year: 1820 || Year: 1900 ||
 * Britain || 40 || 50 ||
 * Average,rest of Western Europe || 36 || 46 ||
 * United States || 39 || 47 ||
 * Japan || 34 || 44 ||
 * Russia || 28 || 32 ||
 * Average, all Latin America || 27 || 32 ||
 * Average, all Asia || 23 || 24 ||
 * Average all Africa || 23 || 24 ||


 * Which of the data sets above do you think is the most significant? Why?
 * The most important one would be the Index Numbers of World Trade because it increased almost 10 times its original amount. It shows how people recognized the importance of trade and the exchange of goods.
 * Taken together what do these data sets tell us?
 * This information shows us how change into modern times has a positive impact on people, after all we live longer and today's economies are much more organized and developed.

5. Read the following and answer the questions below [|Industrial Revolution Introduction.pdf]
 * What was the Industrial revolution?
 * a series of changes in which improvement in life expectancy, global economies, etc. took place.
 * What was its origins?
 * Britain
 * What were its major effects?
 * new improvements in global economies
 * life expectancy increased
 * more importance in trade and the need for change into more modern times

6. Now referring to your textbook create a chart or mindmap of the effects of Industrialization. You must include the following
 * Gender roles/issues
 * Family Structures
 * Social Structures
 * Extension of voting rights (chartist movement)
 * Mass leisure culture
 * Romanticism
 * Socialism
 * Communism

**Imperialism**
7. Examine the map below and the data that follows - What do they show us?

//Extent of Colonial Control//
 * ~  ||~ Great Britain ||~ France ||~ Belgium ||~ Netherlands ||~ Germany (1914) ||
 * ~ Area in Square Miles || 94,000 || 212,600 || 11,800 || 13,200 || 210,000 ||
 * ~ Population || 45,500,100 || 42,000,000 || 8,300,000 || 8.500,000 || 67,500,000 ||
 * ~ Area of Colonies || 13,100,000 || 4,300,000 || 940,000 || 790,000 || 1,100,000 ||
 * ~ Population of Colonies || 470,000,000 || 65,000,000 || 13,000,000 || 66,000,000 || 13,000,000 ||

SOURCE: Mary Evelyn Townsend, //European Colonial Expansion Since 1871// (Chicago: J.P. Lippincott Company, 1941), p. 19

//Percentage of Territories Belonging to the European/US Colonial Powers// (1900) SOURCE: A. Supan, //Die territoriale Entwicklung der Euroaischen Kolonien// (Gotha, 1906), p. 254
 * ||~ Percentage Controlled ||~  ||
 * ~ Africa || 90.4% ||
 * ~ Polynesia || 98.9% ||
 * ~ Asia || 56.5% ||
 * ~ Australia || 100.0% ||
 * ~ Americas || 27.2% ||

This information tells us that Great Britain dominated in every part of the world, but only a little bit in south america. It shows is how far ahead they are in industrialism but also how Germany has a bigger population and more area but less influence. 8. Define Imperialism in your own words: Imperialism is when a nation extends their power to other nations and conquers them. 9. What were the motivations for Imperialism? While many countries, including but not limited to France, Germany, Belgium, and the United Nations, engaged in Imperialist activity; Great Britain is known above all as the best example of a true imperialist nation. We will examine the actions of Great Britain to gain a better understanding of the nature, extent and effects of Imperialism.
 * power
 * money/influence
 * more land